Complete recovery of filler-induced visual loss following subcutaneous hyaluronidase injection

The rise in popularity of hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler injection has caused an exceptional increase in the number of cases of reported irreversible blindness. Here, we reported a case of ischemic optic neuropathy and ophthalmoplegia following subcutaneous HA filler injection with complete visual recovery. A 31-year-old Chinese woman presented with sudden onset of right monocular visual impairment associated with diplopia. Patient had received a hyaluronic acid-containing ?ller injection for nasal dorsum augmentation twelve hours prior to presentation. Visual acuity of the right eye was counting finger. A right relative afferent pupillary defect was demonstrated with ophthalmoplegia. Humphrey visual field test disclosed a right inferior altitudinal field defect with impairment of colour vision. Computed tomography of the orbit revealed mild enlargement of the right medial and inferior recti muscles. Our patient showed a tremendous improvement of vision after a subcutaneous hyaluronidase injection with complete visual recovery within 2 weeks.     

小柴胡汤对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎模型小鼠的保护作用研究

目的通过构建蛋氨酸-胆碱缺乏(MCD)饮食诱导的小鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)模型,研究小柴胡汤对NASH模型小鼠的保护作用。方法选择C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组、模型组、小柴胡汤(高、中、低剂量)组、易善复组和强肝胶囊组。通过饲喂MCD饲料建立NASH模型,造模同时按分组给予不同药物进行干预;实验过程中记录小鼠体质量、日摄食量、日饮水量变化,实验结束对肝组织进行HE染色观察病理变化,检测血清生化指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平变化,检测肝组织中TC、TG的水平变化,利用q RT-PCR技术检测肝组织脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)和固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c(SREBP-1c)的表达水平。结果小鼠体质量、日摄食量、日饮水量及肝脏系数等数据显示MCD饮食诱导的模型组小鼠会出现体质量降低、摄入量减少及肝脏湿质量下降的特点,而小柴胡汤给药组小鼠体质量、摄入量及肝脏系数较模型组小鼠显著升高;HE染色结果显示小柴胡汤可明显减轻肝组织脂肪变性和炎症程度,改善肝细胞的形态和结构;生化指标检测结果显示小柴胡汤能显著降低NASH模型小鼠血清及肝组织TG、TC水平,升高血清中HDL-C水平,降低血清中AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α水平;q RT-PCR结果显示模型组小鼠肝组织FAS和SREBP-1c的基因表达水平明显升高,小柴胡汤可显著降低FAS和SREBP-1c的基因表达水平。结论小柴胡汤对MCD饮食诱导的NASH模型小鼠有明显保护作用,其机制可能通过调控抑制脂肪酸合成基因(FAS、SREBP-1c)的表达,减少脂肪堆积,实现调脂作用,并通过抑制炎症因子的表达改善肝组织的损伤。     

桑椹醇提物的化学成分研究

目的研究桑椹Mori Fructus醇提物的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和ODS柱色谱法及半制备型高效液相色谱进行分离纯化,通过其理化性质和波谱数据对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果从桑椹醇提物中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为桑脂素苷(1)、(7R,8S)-4,7,9,9′-tetrahydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2)、2-苯乙基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、1′-O-苯乙基-β-D-呋喃芹菜糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、苯甲醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、过氧麦角甾醇(6)、(24R)-6β-hydroxy-24-ethyl-cholest-4-en-3-one(7)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol(8)、trans-(S)-(+)-脱落酸(9)、cis-(S)-(+)-脱落酸(10)、(S)-(+)-1-甲基-脱落-6-酸(11)、菜豆酸(12)。结论化合物1为未见文献报道的新化合物,化合物2、7~12为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

全髋关节置换术中静滴氨甲环酸联合置换后放置或不放置引流管的对比

背景:全髋关节置换后放置引流管的目的在于引流出髋部积聚的血液,以加速患者康复。但由于术中已静脉滴入氨甲环酸,并可产生确切的减少失血的效果,术后常规放置引流管是否仍有必要?目的:探讨在全髋关节置换术中静滴氨甲环酸止血的基础上术后是否需要放置引流管。方法:选择2017年6月至2019年3月山西医科大学第二医院收治的初次单侧全髋关节置换患者132例,术中均静脉滴注氨甲环酸,其中62例全髋关节置换后放置引流管(引流组),70例全髋关节置换后不放置引流管(无引流组)。比较两组术后失血量、输血率、输血量、血红蛋白值及并发症发生情况;比较术后两组患者平均住院时间;术后随访髋关节Harris评分。试验获得山西医科大学第二医院伦理委员会批准。结果与结论:①两组术后失血量、输血率、输血量与血红蛋白值比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);②引流组4例发生双下肢深静脉血栓,无引流组2例发生双下肢深静脉血栓,组间比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);③引流组出现了3例渗血渗液、3例感染、2例肿胀瘀斑,无引流组出现了1例渗血渗液、1例肿胀瘀斑,两组切口并发症比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);④引流组平均住院时间长于无引流组(P<0.05);⑤两组术后1,3,6个月的髋关节Harris评分比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);⑥结果表明,全髋关节置换术中静滴止血药物氨甲环酸后无需进行引流管放置。     

多指标综合加权评分法优选复方夏枯草洗剂提取工艺研究

[目的] 优选复方夏枯草洗剂的提取工艺。[方法] 采用L₉（3⁴）正交设计，以迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B的含量及出膏率的综合评分为指标，考察料液比、提取时间、提取次数对提取效果的影响，优选复方夏枯草洗剂的最佳提取工艺。[结果] 根据综合评分的结果，优选出最佳提取工艺为加8倍水，提取3次，每次0.5 h。[结论] 该工艺准确可靠，可行性好。     

基于网络药理学及定性定量研究的甘草质量标志物预测分析

目的基于中药质量标志物(Q-marker)的理念,对甘草从化学成分有效性和可测性的角度进行Q-marker的初步预测。方法基于文献整合及数据分析对甘草Q-marker的来源范围进行筛选,通过网络药理学进行成分有效性分析,采用高效液相色谱法对4个产地15批甘草药材进行定性和定量研究,运用模式识别方法筛选出造成组间差异的主要标志性成分,结合网络药理学结果进一步确定甘草的Q-marker。结果文献研究确定黄酮类和三萜类成分为甘草Q-marker的主要来源范围;网络药理学结果表明甘草苷、甘草酸等成分在"成分-靶点-通路"网络中具有高连接度,是其主要活性成分;建立15批甘草样品的指纹图谱,通过偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)明确了甘草苷、芹糖甘草苷等5个成分为主要标志性成分;甘草苷、芹糖甘草苷、甘草酸、甘草次酸4个成分含量测定结果表明不同产地间成分含量具显著差异,结合网络药理学分析结果进一步明确了甘草苷、芹糖甘草苷、甘草酸、甘草次酸可作为甘草Q-marker。结论以黄酮类和三萜类成分作为甘草Q-marker的来源范围,通过网络药理学(有效性)结合多产地甘草药材定性定量(可测性)研究最终确定甘草苷、芹糖甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草次酸4个成分可作为甘草潜在Q-marker科学合理,为甘草的质量控制提供参考依据。     

Analysis of the role of palmitoleic acid in acute anterior uveitis

PurposeTo study the role of palmitoleic acid (PA) in the pathogenesis of acute anterior uveitis (AAU).MethodsPA levels in feces from AAU patients were measured by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and compared with samples obtained from healthy individuals. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to assess the effect of PA on dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4⁺T cells obtained from mice, AAU patients and healthy individuals. C57BL/6 mice were fed with PA or vehicle and experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) was induced with a human retinal IRBP651-670 peptide. Disease severity of EAU was evaluated by clinical manifestation and histology. Differentiation of splenic Type 1 helper T cells (Th1) and Th17 cells was evaluated by FCM. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins following incubation of DCs with PA.ResultsThe fecal concentration of PA was increased in AAU patients as compared with healthy individuals. In vitro, PA promoted apoptosis of DCs and inhibited the secretion of TNF-α from mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) as well as in DCs from AAU patients and healthy individuals. It only decreased DCs surface marker expression and IL-12p70 secretion in BMDCs and healthy individuals DCs but not in AAU patient DCs. PA-treated BMDCs inhibited Th cell differentiation from mouse naïve CD4⁺T cells and IL-17 and IFN-γ secretion in co-culture supernatants. PA also inhibited the differentiation of Th cells and secretion of IFN-γ and IL-17 in CD4⁺T cells from mice, AAU patients and healthy individuals. In vivo, PA-treated EAU mice showed milder clinical and histopathological intraocular manifestations as compared with the control group. PA feeding inhibited differentiation of splenic Th17 cells, whereas Th1 cells were not affected. Up to 30 upregulated and 77 downregulated proteins were identified when comparing PA-treated DCs with controls.ConclusionAn increased expression of fecal PA was observed in AAU patients. PA was shown to have immunoregulatory effects on DCs and CD4⁺T cells and attenuated disease severity in EAU mice.